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Take Me Out To The Ballgame?

by Richard C. Crepeau

It has been several weeks now since sports shows and newspaper columnists discussed with great fervor the not-quite outing of a gay baseball player — and the public speculation continues. 

Brendon Lemon, editor of Out magazine let it be known in a letter from the editor that he has been involved with a major league baseball player for the past 18 months. Lemon said he was tired of the strain that this secret corner of his life had put on him and his lover, and hoped the ball player would out himself.

The story of course is that it was a story. It is a statistical certainty that homosexual men are playing professional sports in the United States and across the world. The same is true for women. The difference is that lesbianism in women’s sport is discussed and practiced openly. It’s even become a marketing strategy for the WNBA franchise in Los Angeles: "Girl Bar," a lesbian social club, is joining with the L.A. Sparks to market the team in the lesbian community.

Don’t expect any major league baseball team or male sports franchise to try to make inroads into the gay community any time soon.

Over and over again in the culture of both college and professional male sport, both on and off the field, tests of manhood are constantly referenced by coaches and teammates. Player insults such as "You throw like a girl," or the less delicate, "You pussy," are tied to male gender identity and its significance in the macho world of sport.

In a sporting culture that is driven by the male quest for power and dominance, any suggestion of sexual ambiguity is intolerable. It is not likely that a homosexual player would find acceptance, at least not in the beginning. How long it would take for this to change is difficult to say, but it is not likely to happen as rapidly as it did in women’s sport.

Martina Navratilova was open about her lesbianism in the early 1980s, and, indeed, her lover sat in the "friends box" during matches at the major tennis venues. Shots of her during the telecasts were frequent and Bud Collins of NBC Sports called her Martina’s "great good friend," as apparently network television was not yet ready to use the "L" word. Other women have followed Martina’s lead, and, after years of talk and gossip, lesbianism is no longer a big story.

This is not to say that change came easy or that it was not difficult for Martina and others. Navratilova took major public criticism and lost millions of dollars in commercial endorsement contracts. It is a tribute to her, however, that this subject is no longer a taboo topic in women’s sport.

In the past weeks, there has been considerable discussion of what would happen to Brendon Lemon’s lover if his name were spoken. What would his teammates think and do? What about the fans?

Discussions on talk radio and in other media indicated that this player would not be greeted warmly. San Francisco Giants outfielder Eric Davis said that he would feel uncomfortable in the locker room and shower. He said he would worry about the teammate making a pass at him.

His reaction shouldn’t come as a surprise. Glenn Burke, a former Dodger, said that after his homosexuality became known he was ostracized by his teammates and dumped by the Dodgers. Billy Bean, who kept his homosexuality hidden while playing major league baseball, has talked about the pain of leading a double life. Tommy LaSorda refused to acknowledge the homosexuality of his son who died of AIDS, and has used harsh homophobic language on the subject.

American males have a greater tolerance of lesbianism than male homosexuality, and this attitudinal difference is an extension of a sexual double standard that is far from dead. One illustration of this can be found in the porn film industry where "girl on girl" sex is marketed to heterosexual males while "boy on boy" sex is not. One sells, the other does not.

When it comes to sport, for many years, even generations, the notion that an athletic woman had to have a "male" orientation has been etched in American culture. When race car driver Richard Petty, in the stands at Daytona in the 1970s, shouted that Janet Guthrie must have "balls," it may have been tasteless, but it was not surprising. More common than the taunts have been the whispers and jokes that have accompanied discussions of women’s sport over the decades. Consider the attacks on (and jokes about) Eastern European female athletes in this regard.

The definitions of male sexuality are sharply drawn, and the associations of those definitions with sport have been an integral part of the culture for nearly as long as there has been sport. In addition, males would seem to be much more insecure about their sexuality than females, or at least about their own gender identity. The psychosexual melodramas of "raslin" — theatrical wrestling — offer an exaggerated but clear portrayal of these issues.

Perhaps this insecurity helps to explain the difference between the male and female sporting climate, and males’ inability to deal with the issue of homosexuality. Certainly there’s been enough homophobia on display in past weeks to point, once again, to this lingering taboo.



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Richard C. Crepeau is a professor of history at the University of Central Florida in Orlando. He is the author of Baseball: America’s Diamond Mind (click here to purchase).

Related Sites
Read ESPN’s special report on The World of the Gay Athlete, which includes a brief history of gay athletes. Here’s ESPN Mag’s recent coverage of Brendan Lemon’s disclosure.
OutSports.com has a roundup of its coverage of the "gay baseball player debate".
Jay Croft of the Atlanta Journal Constitution on Billy Bean and being gay in the major leagues.
You’ve seen her in the Subaru commercials … "[Martina] Navratilova, once too controversial for TV ads because she talked openly about her love of both men and women, is today as well known for her intelligence and willfulness as for her tennis game," Steve Kettman writes in Salon.


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